KDV (VAT) Calculator: Inclusive and Exclusive

Q: How is KDV calculated?

The standard KDV (VAT) rate is 20%. KDV is calculated by multiplying the net price by 20%. For example, when 20% KDV is applied to a 100 TL product, the total price is 120 TL.

Q: How is the KDV-inclusive price calculated?

The KDV-inclusive price is found by multiplying the net price by (1 + KDV rate). For a net price of 100 TL: 100 × 1.20 = 120 TL is the KDV-inclusive price.

Q: How do you find the KDV-exclusive price?

To find the KDV-exclusive price, divide the KDV-inclusive price by (1 + KDV rate). For a KDV-inclusive price of 120 TL: 120 / 1.20 = 100 TL is the KDV-exclusive price.

Q: What does separating KDV mean?

Separating KDV means extracting just the KDV portion, or the KDV-exclusive portion, from a KDV-inclusive amount. This is needed when making accounting entries.

Q: Does KDV apply to residential rent?

Not when the property is outside a business: then no KDV applies to residential rent. For commercial rent, 20% KDV applies when the property belongs to the landlord’s business (for example, a company landlord). When calculating KDV on rent, the type of rental is the deciding factor.

Q: Is the KDV rate the same for all products?

No. Although the standard KDV rate is 20%, some goods and services are subject to the reduced rates of 10% and 1%; which rate applies to which product is set by the lists in the legislation.

Q: What is dual-rate KDV and how is it calculated?

Dual-rate KDV is when two different KDV rates apply on a single invoice. KDV is calculated separately for each part, and the total KDV amount is then found.

Q: How are KDV entries recorded in accounting?

KDV amounts on incoming and outgoing invoices are recorded separately. KDV is calculated automatically in accounting software, and taxpayers prepare periodic returns.

Q: Are KDV calculators reliable?

Yes, KDV calculators from reliable sources such as inurdemirel.com give accurate results. These tools answer the question of how KDV is calculated in a simple way.

KDV calculation guide

KDV-inclusive and exclusive calculation, in one guide.

KDV calculation is a big part of everyday business life for companies and individual sellers. Value Added Tax (KDV, Turkey’s VAT) is the tax added to the sale of goods or services, and in Turkey it is an important financial obligation that businesses must manage. When the KDV calculation formula is not applied correctly, accounting problems, tax penalties and legal complications can arise.

Did you know there is a difference between a KDV-inclusive and a KDV-exclusive calculation? We wanted to prepare a guide that answers questions such as how much KDV is and how KDV is calculated.

Calculating the KDV tax base, separating KDV and finding the tax base from KDV are tasks that come up often in accounting. This information, which also covers methods for special cases such as dual-rate KDV and KDV on rent, will help you meet your business’s tax obligations correctly.

KDV rates

What Is KDV (VAT) and What Is the Rate? 20%, 10% and 1%.

KDV stands for Katma Değer Vergisi (Value Added Tax), and in Turkey it applies to most sales of goods and services. Before you start calculating KDV, you need to know what the KDV rate is. The standard KDV rate in Turkey is 20%. Some goods and services are subject to the reduced rates of 10% and 1%; which rate applies to which product is set by the lists in the legislation. The answer to how KDV is calculated is to multiply the sale price by the applicable KDV rate.

The main purpose of KDV is to tax the value added at every stage of the production and distribution chain. As a product moves from production to the final consumer, value added tax is applied at each stage. The KDV-inclusive price shows the total amount the consumer pays, while the KDV-exclusive price is the price net of value added tax.

20%General rate100₺ → 120₺
10%Reduced rate100₺ → 110₺
1%Reduced rate100₺ → 101₺
These rates have applied since 10 July 2023. The lists in the legislation set which rate applies to which product.

Inclusive to exclusive

KDV-inclusive and exclusive calculation: one sum, two directions.

How to Calculate a KDV-Inclusive Price

A KDV-inclusive calculation finds the total amount by adding KDV to the net price of a product or service. The KDV calculation formula is quite simple: Total Price = Net Price × (1 + KDV Rate).

For example, when 20% KDV is applied to a 100 TL product: 100 × 1.20 = 120 TL. Businesses use this calculation to set the invoice amounts they issue to their customers.

KDV-inclusive refers to a price shown with the tax already included. In retail, the price customers see is usually the KDV-inclusive price. When preparing an invoice, you need to show separately how much of the KDV-inclusive amount is tax. Adding KDV is especially important when pricing products on e-commerce platforms.

KDV-Exclusive Calculation and Separating KDV

A KDV-exclusive calculation finds the net amount by removing the tax portion from a KDV-inclusive price. This is also called separating KDV. The formula for the KDV-exclusive price is: Net Price = KDV-Inclusive Price / (1 + KDV Rate). For example, to find the net price of a 120 TL product: 120 / 1.20 = 100 TL. KDV-exclusive price calculation is widely used in accounting records and internal calculations.

What KDV-exclusive means is a point that confuses many people. A KDV-exclusive price simply means the net price: the amount before any tax is added. Separating KDV removes the tax portion from the KDV-inclusive amount and produces two separate figures. Accountants and tax advisers carry out this process regularly.

Tax base

Finding the Tax Base (Matrah) from KDV The amount before tax.

The tax base (matrah) is the underlying amount on which KDV is calculated. Finding the tax base from KDV may be needed when a problem or error has to be corrected. The formula for finding the tax base from KDV is the same: Tax Base = KDV-Inclusive Price / (1 + KDV Rate).

Calculating the tax base is needed particularly when handling customer complaints or invoice corrections. Calculating the KDV tax base is vital for keeping accurate tax records.

What Do KDV-Inclusive and KDV-Exclusive Mean?

The difference between these two concepts plays an important role in pricing and accounting. KDV-inclusive shows the total amount the consumer will pay. KDV-exclusive, on the other hand, represents only the base value of the product or service. For businesses, this distinction is of great importance for tax calculations and financial reporting.

	Inclusive	Exclusive
What it shows	The total the consumer pays	The untaxed base value of the product or service
Where you see it	Retail price tags, invoice total	Accounting records, internal calculations
How to find it	Net price × (1 + KDV rate)	Inclusive price ÷ (1 + KDV rate)
20% example	1,200₺	1,000₺

KDV formulas

KDV Calculation Formula Every calculation at a glance.

Every KDV formula, at a glance:

01
Adding KDV (KDV-Inclusive Price)
Net Price × (1 + KDV Rate) = KDV-Inclusive Price
At 20%1,000 × 1.20 = 1,200
02
Removing KDV (KDV-Exclusive Price)
KDV-Inclusive Price / (1 + KDV Rate) = Net Price
At 20%1,200 ÷ 1.20 = 1,000
03
KDV Amount Only
Net Price × KDV Rate = KDV Amount
At 20%1,000 × 0.20 = 200

KDV formulas in Excel

Inclusive=A2*1.2
Exclusive=A2/1.2
KDV amount=A2*0.2

For the amount in cell A2, at 20%. Excel takes the decimal separator from your regional settings: a dot here, a comma under Turkish settings (=A2*1,2).

KDV on a calculator

Inclusiveamount × 1.2 =
Exclusiveamount ÷ 1.2 =
KDV amountamount × 0.2 =

For 10% use 1.1 and 0.1; for 1% use 1.01 and 0.01.

Invoice KDV calculation

Dual-Rate KDV Calculation Several rates on one invoice.

Dual-rate KDV calculation is the case where two different KDV rates apply to the items on one invoice. For example, if a customer buys both a product and an installation service and the two carry different KDV rates, a dual-rate KDV calculation is needed. To give a simple example: when a product with 20% KDV and a service with 10% KDV are sold together, KDV must be calculated separately for each part.

Calculating KDV withholding (tevkifat)

On an invoice with withholding (tevkifat), the buyer, not the seller, pays part of the KDV to the tax office as the responsible party. The share is written as a fraction such as 2/10, 5/10 or 9/10: on a 1,000₺ base at 20%, 5/10 withholding means the buyer pays 100₺ of the 200₺ KDV to the tax office and the other 100₺ to the seller.

Which withholding share applies to which transaction is set by the legislation; confirm with your accountant before issuing the invoice.

Invoice calculator

Invoice items
Item	Amount (excl. KDV)	Rate	KDV	Remove
Item name	Amount (excl. KDV)	KDV rate	200,00₺
Item name	Amount (excl. KDV)	KDV rate	50,00₺

KDV withholding

%20Matrah 1.000,00₺ · KDV 200,00₺
%10Matrah 500,00₺ · KDV 50,00₺

Total base: 1.500,00₺
KDV charged: 250,00₺
Withheld KDV (paid by the buyer): 0,00₺
KDV paid to the seller: 250,00₺
Invoice total (incl. KDV): 1.750,00₺
Amount payable to the seller: 1.750,00₺

Calculating KDV on Rent

KDV on rent works differently for residential lettings. KDV does not apply to residential rent when the property is not part of a business. A commercial tenant, however, may need to pay KDV on the rent. When calculating KDV on rent, the type of rental (residential or commercial) should be checked carefully. For commercial rent, 20% KDV applies when the property belongs to the landlord’s business (for example, when the landlord is a company), and calculating KDV on rent is a task that needs to be done regularly.

Residential rentNo KDV if the property is outside a business
Commercial rent20% KDV (if the property is part of a business)

KDV in accounting

How Is KDV Calculated in Accounting Practice?

In accounting practice, KDV calculation is far more detailed and systematic. Accountants keep separate KDV records for every transaction. KDV amounts on incoming and outgoing invoices are tracked. The KDV-free price is calculated automatically when KDV-inclusive amounts are entered into accounting software. In an accounting context, knowing how KDV is calculated is essential for taxpayers.

Accounting software automates KDV calculations and minimises human error. When a KDV return is prepared, the KDV collected and paid within a given period is calculated. The KDV-exclusive formula should be applied consistently across all transactions. Accounting professionals take great care when calculating the KDV tax base and separating KDV.

KDV payable to the state

KDV payableKDV carried to the next periodNo KDV payable

4.500,00

Output − input − carried over

Online KDV calculator

KDV Calculator We do the maths, you make the call.

Doing KDV calculations by hand can be time-consuming and prone to error. The KDV calculator on inurdemirel.com lets you carry out these calculations on a single screen. The online KDV calculator handles every task, including KDV-inclusive calculation, KDV-exclusive calculation, separating KDV and calculating the tax base. You can use it regularly to meet your business’s tax obligations correctly, and move on to our discount calculator for discount calculations.

Calculate KDV Invoice calculator

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FAQ

KDV calculation: no question left unanswered.

From KDV rates to KDV on rent: a short answer to every question.

Calculate KDV

How is KDV calculated?

How is the KDV-inclusive price calculated?

How do you find the KDV-exclusive price?

What does separating KDV mean?

What is the tax base (matrah) in KDV?

Does KDV apply to residential rent?

Is the KDV rate the same for all products?

What is dual-rate KDV and how is it calculated?

How are KDV entries recorded in accounting?

Are KDV calculators reliable?

Can you explain the KDV formula with an example?

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KDV (VAT) Calculator

KDV-inclusive and exclusive calculation, in one guide.

What Is KDV (VAT) and What Is the Rate? 20%, 10% and 1%.